Selecting only the evidence that supports your conclusion Climate change deniers love to point to cold winters. “Record snowfall. So much for global warming.” They’re ignoring the global temperature trends,… Read More
Posts tagged logical-fallacy
Anecdotal Evidence
One person’s experience is real – but it’s not data “I know someone who smoked a pack a day until 97 and never got cancer. So how bad can it… Read More
Hasty Generalization
Three examples do not a universal truth make Somebody says they won’t hire anyone under 25 because “young people don’t want to work.” Asked how many young people they’ve actually… Read More
Appeal to Nature
Arsenic is natural. Vaccines aren’t. Choose accordingly. “Chemical-free.” “All-natural ingredients.” “The way nature intended.” These phrases sell billions of dollars of products every year. They work because somewhere in human… Read More
Appeal to Novelty
New doesn’t mean better – it means unproven Appeal to tradition says this is old, therefore it’s good. Appeal to novelty says the exact opposite – this is new, therefore… Read More
Appeal to Tradition
Just because we’ve always done it doesn’t mean we should keep doing it “We’ve always done it this way.” Four of the most dangerous words in policy, business, and everyday… Read More
Bandwagon (Appeal to Popularity)
Millions of people have been catastrophically wrong before At some point in human history, the majority of people believed the earth was flat. The majority believed slavery was acceptable. The… Read More
Appeal to Authority
Complex Question
Questions that bury assumptions you haven’t agreed to Somebody asks – “now that you’ve admitted the policy failed, what’s your plan to fix it?” You never admitted it failed. But… Read More
Loaded Question
Questions that trap you by hiding their assumptions “Have you stopped beating your wife?” Yes or no, you’re trapped. Say yes, and you’ve admitted you used to beat her. Say… Read More
Begging the Question (Circular Reasoning)
When your argument assumes what it’s trying to prove “The Bible is true because it says so in the Bible.” That sentence is the clearest possible example of begging the… Read More
Appeal to Force (Argumentum ad Baculum)
Threats aren’t arguments – but they reveal when someone can’t make one Somebody makes an argument. The response they get – “you better agree with this, or you’ll lose your… Read More